`n `n TSRAI NANOZ | Tunnel & Chimney Monitoring - LEL Detection, EV Fire Safety, Ventilation Control & Emission CEMS

Intelligent Tunnel & Chimney Gas Monitoring

TSRAI NANOZ MEMS MOX sensors deliver real-time CO, NO₂, and visibility monitoring for demand-controlled ventilation — combined with TSR differential pressure, temperature and humidity measurement for complete tunnel and chimney solutions. Achieve 40-60% energy savings while ensuring instant fire detection and evacuation safety.

40-60%
Ventilation Energy Savings
<10s
Fire Detection Time
12+
Gases Simultaneous
🚗

Road Tunnels

CO, NO₂, Visibility, ΔP

🚂

Rail Tunnels

Diesel, Fire, Temp, RH

📊

Staudruckmessung

Differential Pressure

🏭

Industrial Chimneys

NANOZ Emission CEMS

Tunnel Safety & Efficiency Imperatives

Tunnels are critical infrastructure requiring continuous air quality monitoring, fire detection, and energy-efficient ventilation control

🔥
700+
Tunnel fires globally per year with significant casualties
70-80%
of tunnel operating costs are ventilation energy
☠️
CO + NO₂
Primary toxic gases from vehicle emissions in tunnels
👁️
<10m
Visibility in severe smoke conditions endangers evacuation

Comprehensive Tunnel & Chimney Solutions

From highway tunnels to metro systems and industrial stacks — NANOZ sensors ensure safety and efficiency

🚗

Road Tunnels

Highway & Urban Traffic Tunnels

CO NO₂ Visibility Smoke CO₂
  • Demand-controlled ventilation (40-60% savings)
  • Traffic-adaptive fan speed control
  • Fire/smoke detection <10 seconds
  • Visibility monitoring (VI coefficient)
  • Emergency evacuation support
🚂

Rail Tunnels

Mainline & High-Speed Rail

CO NO₂ Smoke Diesel O₂
  • Diesel locomotive emission monitoring
  • Piston effect ventilation optimization
  • Fire detection in long tunnels
  • Emergency portal management
  • Maintenance crew safety
🚇

Metro & Subway

Underground Mass Transit

CO Smoke PM2.5 CO₂ O₂
  • Platform air quality monitoring
  • Train-induced ventilation control
  • Brake dust (PM) measurement
  • Fire detection in stations & tunnels
  • Passenger comfort optimization
⛏️

Mining & Excavation

Underground Mining Operations

CH₄ CO O₂ H₂S NO₂
  • Methane explosion prevention (LEL)
  • Blasting fumes monitoring (NOₓ, CO)
  • Oxygen deficiency alerts
  • Diesel equipment emissions
  • Refuge chamber air quality
🏭

Industrial Chimneys

Stack Emission Monitoring

SO₂ NOₓ CO₂ CO HCl
  • Continuous emission monitoring (CEMS)
  • Combustion efficiency optimization
  • Regulatory compliance reporting
  • Scrubber performance verification
  • GHG emissions tracking
🅿️

Parking Garages

Underground & Multi-Story

CO NO₂ LPG Smoke CO₂
  • Demand-controlled ventilation
  • EV battery fire early warning
  • LPG/CNG leak detection
  • Occupancy-based fan control
  • 50-70% energy savings potential

Protecting Lives in Confined Spaces

Tunnels present unique hazards requiring reliable gas detection, fire warning, and emergency response systems

⚠️ Tunnel Hazards

☠️

Carbon Monoxide (CO)

Odorless, colorless poison from vehicle exhaust. Limits: 30 ppm (15 min), 100 ppm (1 min). Causes headaches, confusion, death at high levels.

🫁

Nitrogen Dioxide (NO₂)

Diesel exhaust irritant. Limits: 1 ppm TWA. Causes respiratory damage, reduced visibility (brown haze), smog formation.

🔥

Fire & Smoke

Vehicle fires reach 1000°C+ in minutes. Smoke is primary killer — visibility drops to zero, toxic gases (HCN, HCl) released from burning materials.

🔋

EV Battery Fires (Thermal Runaway)

Li-ion batteries release HF (hydrogen fluoride), HCN, and electrolyte vapors. Invisible, odorless, lethal. Burns 3-5x longer, 72h re-ignition risk. Critical firefighter hazard.

💥

Explosive Gases (LEL)

Petrol vapors, LPG, CNG accumulate at floor level. Heavy gases pool in low points. NANOZ floor-level sensors detect before explosive limits reached.

👁️

Reduced Visibility

Soot and particles from diesel vehicles. VI coefficient >0.005 m⁻¹ triggers ventilation. Critical for safe driving and evacuation.

✅ NANOZ Safety Solutions

📡

Continuous Multi-Gas Monitoring

24/7 measurement of CO, NO₂, LEL, HF, visibility, and fire gases at 100-200m intervals. Floor + ceiling sensors. No blind spots.

🚨

Multi-Level Alarm System

Pre-alarm, alarm, and emergency levels trigger graduated response: ventilation boost, traffic control, full evacuation.

🚒

Firefighter Safety Display

Real-time HF and toxic gas concentrations for incident commanders. PPE requirements, safe approach zones, re-ignition monitoring.

🌀

Intelligent Ventilation Control

Direct PLC/SCADA integration for automatic fan speed adjustment. Fire mode: smoke extraction, evacuation support.

📊

Redundant Architecture

SIL 2 ready system design with dual sensors, fail-safe outputs, and self-diagnostics. 99.9% system availability.

Demand-Controlled Ventilation

NANOZ sensors enable traffic-adaptive ventilation — running fans only when needed saves massive energy while maintaining safety

Energy Savings

40-60%

Reduction in ventilation energy through real-time air quality-based fan control

Night Mode 70-90% reduction
Low Traffic 50-70% reduction
Peak Hours 20-40% reduction
1 km Tunnel €100-300K/year
🔥

Fire Detection

<10s

Early fire warning through smoke and combustion gas detection before flames visible

CO Detection <5 seconds
Smoke Detection <10 seconds
Fire Confirmation Multi-parameter
False Alarm Rate <0.1%
🎛️

Smart Control

AI-Driven

Predictive ventilation algorithms optimize fan operation based on traffic patterns and weather

Traffic Prediction ML-based
Weather Integration Wind/pressure
Response Time <1 second
Control Output 4-20mA, Modbus

TSR Complete Measurement Portfolio

Beyond gas detection — integrated tunnel and chimney monitoring with Swiss precision instrumentation

📊
Differential Pressure
Staudruckmessung
±2500 Pa range
±0.25% accuracy
Jet fan control
Portal pressure monitoring
Longitudinal ventilation
🌡️
Temperature
Temperaturmessung
-40°C to +85°C
±0.3°C accuracy
Fire detection support
HVAC optimization
Chimney temperature
💧
Humidity
Feuchtemessung
0-100% RH
±2% accuracy
Condensation warning
Dew point calculation
Corrosion prevention
🔬
NANOZ Gases
Multi-Gas Detection
CO, NO₂, CO₂, O₂
SO₂, NOx, NH₃, HCl
VOCs, Smoke, CH₄
12+ gases simultaneous
AI pattern recognition

🚇 Tunnel Applications

Ventilation Control
  • ✓ Differential pressure for jet fan control
  • ✓ Portal pressure differential
  • ✓ Longitudinal airflow monitoring
  • ✓ Natural vs. mechanical ventilation
Safety & Comfort
  • ✓ CO/NO₂ for air quality
  • ✓ Temperature for fire detection
  • ✓ Humidity for condensation control
  • ✓ Visibility (opacity) measurement

🏭 Chimney Applications

NANOZ Emission Monitoring
  • ✓ CO, CO₂ — combustion efficiency
  • ✓ NOx, SO₂ — regulated pollutants
  • ✓ O₂ — excess air optimization
  • ✓ NH₃ — SCR slip monitoring
Process Parameters
  • ✓ Stack temperature monitoring
  • ✓ Flue gas humidity/dew point
  • ✓ Differential pressure (draft)
  • ✓ Flow velocity calculation
🔗 Integrated Solution from One Source
TSR Messtechnik provides the complete measurement chain: differential pressure transmitters, temperature & humidity sensors, and NANOZ MEMS MOX gas detection — all integrated into one SCADA-ready system with 4-20mA, Modbus RTU/TCP, and cloud connectivity.

Early Fire Warning Through Gas Analysis

NANOZ sensors detect fire signature gases before visible flames — critical seconds for evacuation and emergency response

🌡️
0-30s
Pre-Ignition
Overheating materials release pyrolysis gases before flames appear
VOCs CO H₂
🔥
30-60s
Smoldering
Early combustion produces smoke and toxic gases — NANOZ detects here
CO ↑ CO₂ ↑ Smoke
💨
1-3 min
Open Fire
Visible flames, rapid heat release, smoke layer forms at ceiling
HCN HCl NOₓ
🚨
3-5 min
Full Fire
Vehicle fully engulfed, evacuation critical, smoke extraction activated
All gases ↑↑ O₂ ↓

Explosive Gas Detection & EV Battery Fire Monitoring

NANOZ floor-level sensors detect explosive gases before ignition — plus specialized EV battery fire detection for firefighter safety

💥 Explosive Gases — Floor Level Detection

Heavy explosive gases sink to the floor and accumulate in low points. NANOZ sensors mounted at ground level detect LEL (Lower Explosive Limit) before dangerous concentrations build up.

Petrol/Gasoline Vapors
Heavier than air, LEL 1.4%
🔥
LPG / Propane
Heavier than air, LEL 2.1%
🚐
CNG / Methane
Lighter than air, LEL 5%
🔋
Hydrogen (H₂)
Lighter, LEL 4%, fuel cell vehicles
🎯 NANOZ LEL Detection
  • ✓ Floor-level sensor mounting (0-30 cm)
  • ✓ 0-100% LEL range with 1% resolution
  • ✓ Multi-gas discrimination (petrol vs. LPG vs. CNG)
  • ✓ Alarm at 10% LEL (early warning) and 25% LEL (evacuation)

🔋🔥 EV Battery Fire — Firefighter Safety

Lithium-ion battery fires (thermal runaway) release extremely toxic gases that are invisible and odorless. NANOZ detection is critical for firefighter safety during tunnel incidents.

☠️
Hydrogen Fluoride (HF)
Extremely toxic, IDLH 30 ppm — burns skin & lungs, from electrolyte
💨
Hydrogen Cyanide (HCN)
Deadly poison, IDLH 50 ppm — from burning plastics & insulation
🔥
Phosphorus Compounds (POF₃)
From LFP batteries — corrosive, respiratory hazard
Electrolyte Vapors (DMC, EMC)
Flammable organic solvents — early thermal runaway indicator
🚒 Critical for Firefighters
  • ✓ Early thermal runaway detection (before flames)
  • ✓ HF concentration for PPE requirements
  • ✓ Re-ignition risk monitoring (up to 72h)
  • ✓ Safe approach zone determination

📊 Why EV Fire Detection Matters in Tunnels

3-5x
Longer burn time vs. ICE vehicle fire
72h
Re-ignition risk after extinguishing
100x
More water needed vs. conventional fire
HF
Invisible, odorless, lethal at low ppm

NANOZ Stack Emission Monitoring & Compliance

TSRAI NANOZ MEMS MOX sensors provide continuous emission monitoring (CEMS) for industrial chimneys, boilers, and combustion systems

🔥 NANOZ Combustion Gas Analysis

Carbon Monoxide (CO) 0-5000 ppm
Combustion efficiency indicator — high CO = incomplete burning, wasted fuel
Carbon Dioxide (CO₂) 0-25%
GHG reporting, combustion efficiency, carbon footprint tracking
Oxygen (O₂) 0-25%
Excess air indicator — optimize burner efficiency, reduce fuel consumption
Nitrogen Oxides (NOₓ) 0-2000 ppm
Regulated pollutant — smog precursor, acid rain contributor

☁️ NANOZ Regulated Pollutant Detection

Sulfur Dioxide (SO₂) 0-5000 ppm
From sulfur in fuel — acid rain precursor, scrubber efficiency monitoring
Hydrogen Chloride (HCl) 0-500 ppm
Waste incineration, PVC combustion — highly corrosive, regulated
Ammonia (NH₃) 0-100 ppm
SCR/SNCR slip monitoring — denitrification system optimization
Hydrogen Fluoride (HF) 0-50 ppm
Aluminum smelting, ceramic industry — highly toxic, low limits

Proven ROI for Tunnel Operators

Based on 2 km bi-directional road tunnel with jet fan ventilation system

💰 Annual Value Creation — 2 km Road Tunnel

20-30 NANOZ sensor nodes at 100m intervals plus portal and emergency station coverage

€200-500K
CHF 200-500K
Ventilation Energy Savings
€50-150K
Equipment Life
Reduced Fan Wear & Maintenance
€100-300K
Risk Reduction
Early Fire Detection Value
€30-80K
Compliance
Automated Reporting & Data

📊 Total Annual Value Creation

€380K-1M
Total Annual Benefit
12-24
Months Payback Period
300-600%
5-Year ROI

Swiss Precision for Tunnel Environments

TSRAI NANOZ MEMS MOX sensors engineered for harsh tunnel conditions: dust, humidity, vibration, and temperature extremes

🌡️

Extreme Environment Rating

-25°C to +70°C operating range, IP66/67 enclosures, vibration resistant mounting. Designed for tunnel airflow, dust, and diesel exhaust.

Fast Response Time

T90 <10 seconds for fire detection gases. Critical for early warning where every second counts for evacuation and response.

🔬

Multi-Gas Detection

Single sensor array detects CO, NO₂, visibility, and fire gases. AI-powered pattern recognition eliminates cross-sensitivity errors.

🔌

Direct PLC Integration

4-20mA, Modbus RTU/TCP, PROFIBUS for seamless connection to tunnel SCADA and ventilation control systems.

🛡️

SIL 2 Architecture

Safety Integrity Level 2 ready design with redundant sensors, self-diagnostics, and fail-safe outputs for life safety applications.

🎯 NANOZ Tunnel Specifications

<10s
Fire Gas Response
0.1 ppm
CO Detection Limit
99.9%
System Availability
SIL 2
Safety Integrity
IP66/67
Ingress Protection
ATEX Zone 2
Hazardous Areas
5+ years
Sensor Lifespan
-25/+70°C
Operating Range

Meeting Tunnel & Emission Regulations

NANOZ solutions help operators comply with tunnel safety directives and industrial emission standards

🇪🇺

EU Tunnel Directive

2004/54/EC minimum safety requirements for tunnels in the Trans-European Road Network

🛡️

RABT (Germany)

Richtlinien für die Ausstattung und den Betrieb von Straßentunneln — ventilation and safety

🇨🇭

ASTRA (Switzerland)

Swiss Federal Roads Office tunnel ventilation and safety system requirements

🔥

NFPA 502

Standard for Road Tunnels, Bridges, and Other Limited Access Highways (USA)

🏭

IED / BREF

Industrial Emissions Directive and Best Available Techniques for chimney monitoring

IEC 61508 / SIL

Functional safety standards for safety-related systems in tunnels

💨

EN 50545

Gas detectors for car parks and tunnels — performance requirements

📋

EN 14181 / QAL

Quality assurance for automated measuring systems — CEMS certification